Simulación de un Detector de HPGe con GEANT4
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Sebastián Sarasti Zambonino
Tania Barahona
Roque Santos
Resumen
La espectroscopía gamma es una técnica analítica que identifica los isótopos mediante las emisiones de rayos gamma de cada uno de estos. En la actualidad, esta técnica tiene gran relevancia debido a un amplio espectro de aplicaciones como el estudio de la hidrodinámica del suelo y otras aplicaciones. Con el desarrollo de la computación moderna, se han desarrollado softwares de simulación Monte-Carlo que permiten estimar la respuesta de los detectores empleados en la espectroscopía gamma. El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar una aplicación en GEANT4 para estimar la eficiencia máxima de energía total para un detector de HPGe y determinar la desviación de los datos experimentales. Para lo cual, se realizó mediciones de Am-241, Eu-152, Cs-137, y Co-60 a las distancias de 0, 5, 10, 20 y 25 cm desde el recubrimiento superior del detector, cada uno respectivamente. La simulación se desarrolló mediante acciones de usuario para extraer la energía depositada en el volumen sensible. A partir de esto, se determinó la eficiencia máxima de energía total de los datos experimentales, luego se determinó un factor de detección que estimaba la desviación del resultado simulado con experimental. Se planteó que una razón de este comportamiento es la ausencia de la simulación de la cadena electrónica. Finalmente, se sugiere que futuros trabajos desarrollen simulaciones más precisas para isotopos multiemisores.
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