Resistencia del Concreto Utilizando Adición Parcial de Ceniza de Madera Residual Respecto al Cemento
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Resumen
La ceniza de madera es un residuo del proceso de quema de ladrillos artesanales que se produce en las zonas más pobres del Perú. Constituye un gran problema debido a que no existe una gestión de esta clase de residuos sólidos y contamina grandes sectores de la población. En ese sentido, surge la importancia de emplear elementos naturales sostenibles como las cenizas de madera que puedan aportar en el rendimiento del concreto. Es por ello que, esta investigación tuvo por objetivo evaluar la influencia de la incorporación de ceniza de madera en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto, con incorporaciones de 8%, 12% y 16%, en función al peso del cemento, para lo cual se prepararon especímenes cilíndricos y viguetas. Los resultados respecto al asentamiento y peso unitario se redujeron considerablemente por debajo de sus muestras patrones, a diferencia de la temperatura que tuvo aumentos que oscilaron entre los 3°C. Por otro lado, la mezcla combinada de 8% de ceniza de madera resultó ser la mayor resistencia a la compresión, llegando a 308,73 kg/cm2 la cual representa un incremento del 9,04% con respecto a la muestra patrón, en tanto, la resistencia a la flexión fue 45,32 kg/cm2 representando un incremento del 5,96% respecto a la muestra patrón. Se concluye que la adición de ceniza de madera mejora significativamente las propiedades mecánicas del concreto con una dosis óptima de 8%, el resultado contribuye a que sea técnicamente viable como adición en la elaboración de concreto sustentable en la construcción civil.
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