Monitoreo de la Estabilidad de Voltaje de Corredores de Transmisión en Tiempo Real a partir de Mediciones Sincrofasoriales
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Resumen
La determinación de las curvas Potencia-Voltaje (P-V) y de la capacidad de transferencia disponible son las herramientas más utilizadas para analizar la estabilidad de voltaje en los sistemas de potencia. Con el desarrollo de la tecnología de medición sincrofasorial, nuevas herramientas de monitoreo de estabilidad de voltaje en tiempo real han sido desarrolladas. Una de las herramientas más promisorias es la técnica del Equivalente Thévenin, la cual permite calcular la proximidad entre el estado operativo actual y el colapso de voltaje a través de la determinación de la curva P-V en tiempo real. Este método está siendo empleado principalmente para monitorear la estabilidad de corredores de transmisión puesto que permite determinar la robustez relativa del sistema de transmisión respecto de las barras de carga. Este artículo presenta una descripción conceptual del método del Equivalente Thévenin para monitoreo de la estabilidad de voltaje de corredores de transmisión a partir de mediciones sincrofasoriales. Se presenta adicionalmente la herramienta de monitoreo en tiempo real que dispone el CENACE y se describe una propuesta metodológica para determinar los límites de transferencia de potencia por los corredores monitoreados. Estos límites servirán como base referencial para evaluar la estabilidad de voltaje en tiempo real.
Computation of Power-Voltage (P-V) curves and the corresponding available transfer capability are the most commonly used tools to analyze the power system voltage stability. The emerging synchronized phasor measurement technology has allowed the development of novel methodologies to monitor the power system voltage stability in real time. One of the most promissory techniques is the so-called Thevenin Equivalent method, which allows computing the proximity of the actual operational state to the voltage collapse via the determination of the P-V curve in real time. This tool is being mainly used for monitoring the voltage stability of transmission corridors since it permits determining the power system relative strength in regards to the load buses. One of the main challenges of real-time monitoring is to determine adequate early-warning indicators. In this connection, this paper proposes a methodology for determining the voltage profile power transfer limits of the monitored transmission corridors. These transfer limits are the referential framework for assessing the voltage stability in real time, and constitute the early-warning indicators.
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