Mejoramiento de las Propiedades Mecánicas del Concreto Estructural Utilizando Microporoso Etileno Acetato de Vinilo
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Josef Alexander Chaname Bustamante
Juan Martín García Chumacero
Guillermo Gustavo Arriola Carrasco
Resumen
A través del paso de los años, en todo el mundo se ha tratado de incrementar el reciclaje de materiales, sobre todo los de origen artificial, esto con la finalidad de producir compuestos que se sean sostenibles. Dentro de estos materiales destaca el concreto como un elemento versátil, al que se le puede añadir diferentes agentes externos; sin embargo, muchos de ellos al no ser compatibles con los agregados, el cemento o el agua, pueden provocar algunas alteraciones en su desempeño mecánico. Por lo expuesto, la presente investigación abordó el estudio de un material artificial llamado Microporoso Etileno Acetato de Vinilo (MEVA), con el fin de evaluar su influencia en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto estructural. Se utilizaron adiciones de MEVA en rangos de 5.00 %, 10.00 %, 15.00 % y 20.00 % respecto al volumen del concreto, para analizar su comportamiento en la mezcla, tanto en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas. Los resultados muestran que la trabajabilidad y peso unitario se ven afectadas ante el aumento de MEVA. A pesar de ello, el desempeño mecánico mostró significativos incrementos en la resistencia a la compresión en 8.81 %, tracción en 22.86 %, flexión en 24.51 % y módulo de elasticidad en 2.12 %, con la adición al 5.00 % de MEVA a los 28 días. No obstante, a mayores dosis existe una reducción de dichas resistencias. Por lo expuesto, se concluye en que la incorporación de MEVA en 5.00 % mejora en gran media las propiedades mecánicas del concreto para uso estructural, en relación a la resistencia teórica de diseño de 21.00 MPa.
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